• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    APPARATUS AND METHOD OF OPHTHALMOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. The invention relates to an ophthalmic analysis device (10) and an analysis method using an analysis device of this type, in particular to measure a topography of a surface of an eye, said analysis device having a projection device (11) and a monitoring device (12), the projection device comprising at least one lighting device and an opening device, the lighting device comprising at least one first light source (25), which can emit light in a predominant monochromatic spectrum, making it possible to format an image pattern on a surface of an eye (13) by means of the opening device, the images of the formatted image pattern being recorded by means of the monitoring device, and a topography of the surface being derived from the images, in which the lighting device has at least one additional source of light (26), which can emit polychromatic in a predominantly visible spectrum. ALL OF OPHTHALMOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. The invention relates to an ophthalmic analysis device (10) and an analysis method using an analysis device of this type, in particular to measure a topography of a surface of an eye, said analysis device having a projection device (11) and a monitoring device (12), the projection device comprising at least one lighting device and an opening device, the lighting device comprising at least one first light source (25), which can emit light in a predominant monochromatic spectrum, making it possible to format an image pattern on a surface of an eye (13) by means of the opening device, the images of the formatted image pattern being recorded by means of the monitoring device, and a topography of the surface being derived from the images, in which the lighting device has at least one additional source of light (26), which can emit polychromatic in a predominantly visible spectrum.
    公开号:BR102012021874B1
    申请号:R102012021874-7
    申请日:2012-08-30
    公开日:2021-03-30
    发明作者:Andreas STEINMÜLLER
    申请人:Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to an ophthalmic analysis apparatus and an analysis method, in particular to measure a topography of a surface of an eye, said analysis apparatus having a projection apparatus and a monitoring apparatus, the projection apparatus comprising at least one lighting device and an opening device, the lighting device having at least a first light source, which can emit light in a predominantly monochromatic spectrum, being possible to format an image pattern on a surface of an eye by through the opening device, images of a formatted image pattern being recorded through the monitoring device, and a topography of the surface being derived from the images.
    In analytical apparatus and surveying systems known from the state of the art, an eye is usually illuminated with monochromatic light, such as infrared light, for example, in order to avoid obscuring the person or subject to be examined where possible. Topography systems are thus known which, in addition to measuring a surface of an eye, also allow pupillometric measurements. In particular, when the eye is illuminated with monochromatic light, which is only partially visible, a pupil contraction is effectively avoided and, therefore, such illumination is particularly well suited for pupillometric measurements. Topography systems can, however, also have a plurality of colors of light for illuminating an eye. For example, placid rings are then projected onto the eye in different colors of monochromatic light. These are basically used to distinguish the rings from the pattern of image formatted in the eye and for the sole purpose of determining a topography. Placid rings of this type in different colors of monochromatic light therefore form the first source of light only. This is even known for examining meibomian glands under infrared light.
    Analysis devices for measuring topography or what are known as "keratometers" can also be used for noninvasive analysis of a tear film in an eye. The image pattern projected onto the eye surface is recorded considerably continuously, in which any dispersion in the tear film can be identified by a change in the image pattern. To establish the quality of the tear film, its dispersion time is usually measured. This measure is similarly performed by illuminating the eye with infrared light. For example, in addition to the topography of the eye surface, a measurement of a tear film is also of paramount importance when selecting contact lenses. In addition, the analysis of a tear film is merely limited to a distribution of the tear film over the eye. A disadvantage of the known analyzer and method is that the possibilities for examining an eye are limited. It is therefore desirable to expand the possibilities for examining a device of this type in order to obtain more detailed results where necessary that can be used, for example, for a better selection of contact lens and adjustment.
    The objective of the present invention is, therefore, to propose an ophthalmic analysis apparatus and an analysis method that uses an ophthalmic analysis apparatus, through which the possibilities of examining a topography system are expanded and improved.
    This objective is accomplished through an apparatus having the characteristics of claim 1 and through a method having the characteristics of claim 10.
    The ophthalmic analysis apparatus according to the invention, in particular for measuring a topography of a surface of an eye, has a projection apparatus and a monitoring apparatus, the projection apparatus constitutes at least a lighting device and a monitoring device. aperture, the lighting device having at least a first light source, which can emit light in a predominantly monochromatic spectrum, making it possible to format an image pattern on a surface of an eye by means of the opening device, the images of the pattern of formatted image that is registerable by means of the monitoring device, and a topography of the surface that is derived from the images, in which the lighting device has at least one additional light source, which can emit polychromatic light in a predominantly visible spectrum.
    In addition to the use of considerably monochromatic light or light of a relatively narrow wavelength range, the additional light source makes it possible to illuminate the surface of the eye with visible polychromatic light, with which measurements of eye properties and obtaining measurement results more accurate are possible. Compared with monochromatic or infrared light, it is possible to determine a degree of redness of the eye using polychromatic light. It is also possible to measure the thickness of a tear film or a lipid layer of the tear film with relative accuracy in a non-invasive manner, as long as colored interference patterns of the lipid layer can be produced using polychromatic light and can be used for measurements of this type .
    The first light source can advantageously emit light in a predominantly infrared spectrum. Infrared light has a particularly low glare effect on the eye to be examined and is easily produced.
    It is particularly advantageous that the light source can emit predominantly white light. An especially good color reproduction can be performed with white light, which considerably improves the accuracy of the measurement, especially measuring the degree of redness of the eye and producing a colored interference model.
    In one embodiment, a light source can be formed from a multiplicity of uniformly distributed light-emitting diodes. For example, light-emitting diodes that can form the image pattern. The light-emitting diodes can thus be arranged in a ring or behind an opening, which can project the image pattern onto the eye. The light-emitting diodes that form the additional light source can be arranged in the lighting device together with light-emitting diodes that form the first light source. It is thus possible to operate the relevant light-emitting diodes separately or together, as needed. A number of light-emitting diodes from the first light source to a number of light-emitting diodes from the additional light source can be selected in a ratio of 1 to 3.
    In order to obtain quality images that can be used effectively, the monitoring device may have a camera and an objective lens, an enlargement of the image being variable through the objective lens. It is thus possible, depending on the type of measurement, to select a magnification of the objective lens in such a way that the object to be measured or the property to be measured visually can be visually illustrated in such a way that the evaluation of the image and measurement results is particularly accurate generally become possible.
    For this purpose, the objective lens can have an enlargement changer, through which at least one lens can be inserted in a radius route of the objective lens and removed from there. Compared with a variable magnification setting, which is likewise acceptable, a magnification exchanger can be produced particularly easily and at a reasonable cost. It is also possible to always use constant, uniform magnifications for the various measurements, which considerably simplifies the measurements and the evaluation or analysis of the images. At least three magnifications can be advantageously formed using the objective lens. A normal first magnification can be used to measure the topography of the eye surface. A second, large magnification can be used to measure or analyze a tear film. For example, it is possible to focus on a lipid layer, in particular with shallow depth of field, in order to determine the thickness of said lipid layer. A third, small magnification can be used in particular for meibometric examination, since the recording of images of the meibomian glands requires an increased spacing between the analysis instrument and the eye inter alia.
    It is particularly advantageous that, for a radius route of the monitoring device, an opening is formed in the opening device on an axis of the opening device oriented towards an optical axis of the eye. The surface of the eye can thus be illuminated on all sides with the image pattern by means of the opening device. For example, the opening device can thus be formed by an illuminating ring or by a plurality of concentric rings of this type in order to produce an image pattern of the placid. If the axis of the aperture device is oriented towards the optical axis of the eye, the radius path of the monitoring device can extend directly along the optical axis or there, so that the eye can be controlled from the through the opening, thus considerably simplifying pupillometric measurements in particular.
    The analysis apparatus may thus also have a blinding apparatus for causing a blinding stimulus on the eye, the blinding apparatus possibly comprising a blinding light source and an optical divider for reflecting the blinding light source in the radius path of the monitoring apparatus. The eye can thus be blinded by this blinding device, in which an eye response can be recorded at the same time by means of the monitoring device. For example, a pupil movement incited by the glare can be recorded and can be assessed. The blinding device can be operated independently of the lighting device and image patterns produced in this way.
    It is also possible to use the lighting device and / or the blinding device to obscure the eye with the aim of increasing the production of tear fluid. The formation of a tear film can thus be examined and can be measured.
    The method of analysis according to the invention is performed to use an ophthalmic analysis apparatus to measure a topography of a surface of an eye, the analysis apparatus constituting a projection apparatus and a monitoring apparatus, the projection apparatus comprising the less a lighting device and an opening device, an image pattern being formatted on the eye surface by means of the opening device, images of the formatted image pattern being recorded by means of the monitoring device, the lighting device having the at least one light source, which emits polychromatic light in a predominantly visible spectrum, and a tear film on the surface being determined from the images. Particularly accurate examination is made possible in particular through the use of visible polychromatic light to illuminate the eye and the tear film with the image pattern.
    In an embodiment of the method, the analysis apparatus may have an evaluation apparatus, by means of which the images are analyzed. The evaluation device can be advantageously organized in the analysis device itself and can enable image processing and a visualized output of the measurement results accepted by the evaluation device. In particular, the evaluation apparatus can be a means of data processing, which can also perform digital processing of the images. It is also acceptable for the data processing means to have a data store with a database, where the database can have comparative sets of image data or measurement parameters. For example, simplified conclusions related to the probable measurement results or corrections of measurement results can be leveraged from such comparative data sets, for example, as a result of the image comparison. The evaluation can be accelerated considerably and the measurement accuracy can be increased later.
    In addition, a degree of redness of the eye can be determined from the images, a proportion of the red in a region of the eye can be measured. Such a measure cannot be performed to use infrared light or monochromatic light due to the lack of color reproduction. During the measurement process, a region of redness surrounding the iris of the eye can thus be measured by quantifying the red portions of the image due to the good color reproduction of the visible polychromatic light. The measurement can be performed as a comparative measure, for example, by comparison with a reference image.
    A stream of tear film can also be derived from the images, a rate of movement of particles located on the surface being measurable. In particular with very large magnification, it is possible to focus the tear film so that the particles located in the tear film are visible, for example, dust particles or foreign bodies. Any movement of these particles can be tracked and can be measured in relation to the direction of movement and speed. The direction and speed at which the tear film streams can be derived from this. This measurement can be used to determine the quality of the tear film more accurately.
    A tear film dispersion time can also be derived from the images, in which a change in the tear film can be measured. A tear film dispersion time can be measured at normal magnification, and the measurement can be performed under infrared or visible light illumination. The image patterns projected onto the surface of the eye, such as placid rings, make it possible to identify any dispersion of the tear film, in particular as a result of a change in the image pattern in question. A tear film dispersion time can be considered as a basic parameter to determine the quality of the tear film.
    In addition, a lipid layer in the tear film can be determined from the images, in which the lipid layer can be measured using interference colors. A lipid layer is a layer external to the tear film, in which a central aqueous layer and an inner layer close to the cornea (mucin layer) follow after the lipid layer. The lipid layer is approximately 100 nm thick, prevents rapid evaporation of the aqueous layer and is formed from a secretion from the meibomian glands. Since the lipid layer is a very thin layer of tear film, it can be measured very easily using interference colors. The eye or tear film can thus be illuminated with polychromatic light, where the thickness of the interfering colors or an interference pattern can be produced in the tear film by means of the aforementioned lipid layer. Possible properties of the tear film can thus be more accurately determined.
    It is thus possible to determine a thickness of the lipid layer or thickness distribution of the lipid layer as well as its thickness and also to examine the function of the meibomian glands through the amount of measured lipids. A large magnification can preferably be selected for a measurement of this type.
    Additional advantageous modalities of the method will emerge from the description of the characteristics of the claims dependent on the apparatus of claim 1.
    A preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic sectional view of an embodiment of an analysis apparatus;
    Figure 2 shows a front view of the analysis device.
    A summary of figures 1 and 2 shows a modality of the analysis apparatus 10, which is basically formed by a projection apparatus 11 and a monitoring apparatus 12 to control an eye 13. The analysis apparatus 10, moreover, comprises a evaluation apparatus 14, in this case with means (not shown more specifically) for data processing and data output as well as a positioning apparatus 15 for positioning the analysis apparatus 10 relative to eye 13 in three spatial directions having the components of direction, x, y and z arranged at right angles to each other, as indicated symbolically in this case. The analyzer is positioned in such a way that an axis of the analyzer 16 of the analyzer 10 coincides with an optical axis 17 of the eye 13.
    The projection apparatus 11 is formed as an empty spherical segment 18 and constitutes a screen opening 19 and a reflector 20, which are fixed in a compartment 21 (shown schematically) in such a way that a reflection area 22 of the reflector 20 is always spaced of a surface 23 of the reflector 20 at the same distance, thus forming a curved opening space 24. The surface 23 of the reflector 20 is highly reflective, and therefore the opening space 24 is uniformly filled with light when a first light source 25 or an additional light source 26 is connected. The light sources 25 and 26 are each formed by light-emitting diodes 27 and 28, which are each organized in a multiplicity uniformly distributed in the form of a ring 29 over a circumference of the screen opening 19 and in the shape of a ring 30 in an opening 31 in the screen opening 19. The screen opening 19 is basically formed by a transparent body 32 having ring opening elements 33, which reflects incident light from a light source 25 and / or 26 in the opening space 24. The image pattern 35 visible in figure 2 is thus formatted on a cornea 34 of eye 13, in which image pattern 35 is recorded by means of the monitoring device 12.
    The monitoring device 12 has a camera 36 with an objective lens 37, where the camera 36 constitutes an optical video sensor 38 inter alia, which is connected directly to the evaluation device 14. The objective lens 37 is formed by two lenses 39 and 40, in which a magnification exchanger 41 is provided (as indicated in this case by the double arrow), whereby the lenses 42 can still be rotated in a radius route 43 of the monitoring device 12. It is thus possible to record and observe eye 13 in at least three different magnifications. An optical divider 44 of a blinding apparatus 45 is arranged on the radius route 43 between the projection apparatus 11 and the objective lens 37, and consists of a prism system 46, but may also be partially formed by transparent flat mirrors. A blinding light source 47 can be formed in eye 13 through optical divider 44. A blinding stimulus can thus be caused in eye 13, completely independent of the projection apparatus 11, and therefore the response of said eye can be recorded with the help from the monitoring device 12, which is available in any case, and can also be determined numerically by the evaluation device 14. A special device is therefore no longer needed for such a measurement.
    With reference to the operation of the analysis apparatus 10, light emitting diodes 27 can emit or can radiate light in a predominantly infrared spectrum and light emitting diodes 28 can emit or can radiate white polychromatic light in a predominantly visible spectrum. The first light source 25 is formed by approximately 50 light-emitting diodes 27, and the additional light source 26 is formed by approximately 150 light-emitting diodes 28. Within a measurement process, the first light source 25 or the source additional light 26 can be switched on, as needed, to illuminate eye 13. In particular, to determine a topography of eye 13, it is sufficient to use the first light source 25 with normal magnification of the objective lens 37. The first light source 25 it is also used for meibometric examinations, in which a small magnification of the objective lens 37 is selected in this example and a spacing between the analyzer 10 and the eye 13 is enlarged. The additional light source 26 is used for analysis of a tear film, in particular a lipid layer of the tear film, in which a particularly large magnification of the objective lens 37 is selected. In addition, the blinding light source 47 is used for pupillometric measurements.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    1. Ophthalmic analysis instrument (10) for measuring a topography of a surface of an eye, characterized by comprising: a projection device (11) that includes at least one lighting device (25) and an opening device (19) , the lighting device having a first light source and at least one additional light source (26), wherein said first light source can emit light in a predominantly monochromatic spectrum and said additional light source can emit polychromatic light in a predominantly visible spectrum, and said opening device can represent an image pattern on the surface of an eye (13); and a monitoring device (12) recording images of the captured image pattern, in which a topography of the surface is derivable from the images.
    [0002]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the first light source (25) can emit light in a predominantly infrared spectrum.
    [0003]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional light source (26) can emit predominantly white light.
    [0004]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional light source (26) is formed by a multiplicity of uniformly distributed light-emitting diodes (28).
    [0005]
    5. Analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized by the monitoring apparatus (12) having a camera (36) and objective lenses (37), an amplification of the image being varied by means of objective lenses.
    [0006]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that the objective lenses (37) have an amplifier changer (41), through which at least one lens can be inserted in the course of a ray (43) of the objective lenses and removed from the same via amplification changer.
    [0007]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that at least three amplifications are formed.
    [0008]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that for the route of a radius (43) of the monitoring device (12), an opening (31) is formed in the opening device on an axis of the device (16) opening of the device oriented in the direction of an optical axis (17) of the eye (13).
    [0009]
    Analysis instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that the analysis device has a blinding device (45) to excite a blinding stimulus to the eye, the blinding device which has a blinding light source (47) and a divider beam (44) to reflect the source of the blinding light in the radius route (43) of the monitoring device (12).
    [0010]
    10. Analysis method that uses an ophthalmic analysis instrument (10) to measure a topography of a surface of an eye, the said analysis instrument having a projection device (11) and a monitoring device (12), the device projection system comprising at least one lighting device (26) and an opening device (19), said method, characterized by comprising: illuminating the surface of an eye using the lighting device that has at least one light source that emits polychromatic light in a predominantly visible spectrum; create an image pattern on the surface of the eye using the opening device; record the images of the captured image pattern using the monitoring device; and determining a tear film on the surface of the eye from the images.
    [0011]
    Analysis method according to claim 10, characterized in that it includes the image analysis step (10) using an evaluation device (14), which is part of the analysis instrument.
    [0012]
    Analysis method according to claim 10, characterized in that it includes the step of measuring a proportion of the red region of the eye (13), to determine the degree of redness of the eye.
    [0013]
    Analysis method according to claim 10, characterized in that it includes deriving a flow of the tear film from images, by measuring the speed of movement of the particles located on the surface.
    [0014]
    Analysis method according to claim 10, characterized in that it includes deriving the dispersion time of the tear film from images, by measuring a change in the tear film.
    [0015]
    Analysis method according to any of claim 10, characterized in that it includes the step of determining a lipid layer in the tear film from the images, through the interference colors.
    [0016]
    Analysis method according to claim 15, characterized in that it includes the step of measuring a thickness of the lipid layer.
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    法律状态:
    2014-12-09| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-23| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-30| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/08/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102011081825A|DE102011081825B4|2011-08-30|2011-08-30|Ophthalmological analyzer and method|
    DE102011081825.1|2011-08-30|
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